/* Allograft.ca long-form science articles — v3.6.1 */
:root{
  --article-ink:#102f42;
  --article-muted:#5d727f;
  --article-aqua:#4fb9b4;
  --article-aqua-soft:#eaf7f5;
  --article-line:#dbe7e7;
  --article-paper:#ffffff;
  --article-wash:#f6faf9;
  --article-navy:#0d3853;
  --article-shadow:0 22px 68px rgba(8,43,62,.07);
}
.science-article-page,.article-index-page{background:#fff;color:var(--article-ink)}
.science-article-shell{padding:24px 0 88px}
.article-breadcrumbs{margin-bottom:22px}
.science-article{max-width:1180px;margin:0 auto}
.science-article-hero{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.32fr) minmax(290px,.68fr);gap:58px;align-items:center;padding:52px clamp(28px,5vw,64px);border:1px solid var(--article-line);border-radius:30px;background:linear-gradient(145deg,#fff 0%,#f7fbfa 58%,#eef8f6 100%);box-shadow:var(--article-shadow);overflow:hidden;position:relative}
.science-article-hero:after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:auto -120px -160px auto;width:360px;height:360px;border-radius:50%;background:radial-gradient(circle,rgba(73,186,180,.13),rgba(73,186,180,0) 70%);pointer-events:none}
.science-article-hero-copy{position:relative;z-index:1}
.science-article-hero h1{font-size:clamp(2.45rem,5vw,4.85rem);line-height:1.04;letter-spacing:-.052em;font-weight:580;margin:10px 0 24px;max-width:900px}
.locale-fa .science-article-hero h1{font-size:clamp(2.25rem,4.55vw,4.3rem);line-height:1.38;letter-spacing:0;font-weight:720}
.science-article-lede{font-size:clamp(1.04rem,1.4vw,1.22rem);line-height:1.86;color:var(--article-muted);max-width:76ch;margin:0}
.locale-fa .science-article-lede{line-height:2.05}
.science-article-meta{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:9px 18px;margin-top:25px;color:#6d808c;font-size:.82rem}
.science-article-meta span{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:5px}
.science-article-meta span+span:before{content:"•";color:#8ecac5;margin-inline-end:7px}
.article-share-row{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;margin-top:28px}
.linkedin-share-button,.copy-article-link{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:9px;min-height:44px;border-radius:12px;padding:0 16px;font:inherit;font-size:.86rem;font-weight:700;cursor:pointer;transition:.18s ease}
.linkedin-share-button{background:#0a66c2;color:#fff;border:1px solid #0a66c2;text-decoration:none;box-shadow:0 8px 22px rgba(10,102,194,.13)}
.linkedin-share-button:hover{background:#0758a8;transform:translateY(-1px)}
.copy-article-link{background:#fff;color:var(--article-ink);border:1px solid var(--article-line)}
.copy-article-link:hover{border-color:#9dcac7;background:#f8fbfb}
.science-topic-map{min-height:330px;display:grid;place-items:center;position:relative;z-index:1}
.topic-orbit{position:relative;width:310px;height:310px;border:1px solid rgba(73,186,180,.28);border-radius:50%;background:radial-gradient(circle at 50% 50%,rgba(255,255,255,.95) 0 34%,rgba(226,247,244,.6) 35% 36%,transparent 37% 100%)}
.topic-orbit:before,.topic-orbit:after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:46px;border:1px dashed rgba(73,186,180,.31);border-radius:50%}
.topic-orbit:after{inset:92px;border-style:solid;border-color:rgba(73,186,180,.18)}
.topic-core,.topic-node{position:absolute;display:grid;place-items:center;text-align:center;border-radius:999px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--article-line);box-shadow:0 12px 32px rgba(8,43,62,.07);font-size:.75rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.3;padding:10px 12px;z-index:2}
.topic-core{inset:50% auto auto 50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);width:112px;height:112px;border-radius:50%;background:linear-gradient(145deg,#0f3d58,#0d6d7d);color:#fff;border:0;padding:16px}
.topic-node-1{top:8px;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%)}
.topic-node-2{right:-4px;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%)}
.topic-node-3{bottom:8px;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%)}
.topic-node-4{left:-4px;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%)}

.article-reading-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:250px minmax(0,1fr);gap:44px;align-items:start;margin-top:48px}
.article-toc{position:relative}
.article-toc-inner{position:sticky;top:96px;border:1px solid var(--article-line);border-radius:20px;background:#fbfdfd;padding:20px 18px;max-height:calc(100vh - 120px);overflow:auto}
.article-toc-label{margin:0 0 12px;font-size:.72rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.11em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#547780}
.locale-fa .article-toc-label{letter-spacing:0}
.article-toc nav{display:grid;gap:2px}
.article-toc nav a{font-size:.82rem;line-height:1.55;text-decoration:none;color:#58717d;border-radius:10px;padding:7px 9px;transition:.15s ease}
.article-toc nav a:hover,.article-toc nav a.active{background:var(--article-aqua-soft);color:#134f5a}
.article-toc-divider{height:1px;background:var(--article-line);margin:14px 0}
.article-toc-back{font-size:.82rem;font-weight:700;color:#176979;text-decoration:none}
.article-reading-column{min-width:0}
.article-introduction{font-size:1.08rem;color:#294b5d;line-height:1.95;margin:2px 0 28px;padding:0 0 8px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--article-line)}
.locale-fa .article-introduction{line-height:2.12}
.article-introduction p:first-child{font-size:1.16rem;color:#183d50}
.article-context-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:9px;margin:22px 0 42px}
.article-context-links a{font-size:.78rem;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;color:#176979;border:1px solid #cfe4e2;background:#f8fcfb;padding:8px 12px;border-radius:999px}
.article-section{scroll-margin-top:104px;margin:0 0 48px}
.article-section h2,.article-section h3{color:#12384c;position:relative;line-height:1.28;margin:0 0 18px;font-weight:670}
.article-section h2{font-size:clamp(1.65rem,2.8vw,2.32rem);padding-top:4px}
.article-section h3{font-size:1.28rem;margin-top:28px}
.locale-fa .article-section h2{line-height:1.55;font-weight:720}
.locale-fa .article-section h3{line-height:1.7;font-weight:700}
.heading-anchor{display:inline-block;margin-inline-start:9px;opacity:0;text-decoration:none;color:#74aaa7;font-size:.72em;transition:.15s ease}
.article-section h2:hover .heading-anchor,.article-section h3:hover .heading-anchor,.heading-anchor:focus{opacity:1}
.article-section p{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.92;color:#304e5d;margin:0 0 16px;max-width:80ch}
.locale-fa .article-section p{line-height:2.08}
.article-key-list{display:grid;gap:8px;margin:14px 0 20px;padding:0;list-style:none;max-width:76ch}
.article-key-list li{position:relative;padding:10px 38px 10px 13px;border-radius:12px;background:#f7fbfa;border:1px solid #e1eceb;line-height:1.65;color:#315461}
[dir=ltr] .article-key-list li{padding:10px 13px 10px 38px}
.article-key-list li:before{content:"";position:absolute;inset-inline-start:14px;top:50%;width:8px;height:8px;border-radius:50%;background:#58bdb8;transform:translateY(-50%)}
.article-faq-heading{margin-top:64px}
.article-faq-heading+section{}
.article-references{border-top:1px solid var(--article-line);margin-top:70px;padding-top:42px;scroll-margin-top:100px}
.article-reference-heading{margin-bottom:20px}
.article-reference-heading h2{font-size:clamp(1.55rem,2.5vw,2.1rem);margin:5px 0 0}
.article-references ol{display:grid;gap:13px;padding-inline-start:1.3rem;margin:0}
.article-references li{padding-inline-start:8px;color:#4c626d;font-size:.88rem;line-height:1.75}
.article-references li a{display:inline-block;margin-top:4px;margin-inline-start:6px;color:#147181;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none}
.article-editorial-note,.article-review-transparency{margin-top:28px;border-radius:16px;padding:18px 20px;border:1px solid var(--article-line);background:#f8fbfb}
.article-editorial-note{border-inline-start:4px solid #5bbcb8}
.article-review-transparency{background:#fffdf7;border-color:#eadfbd}
.article-editorial-note strong,.article-review-transparency strong{display:block;margin-bottom:5px;font-size:.9rem}
.article-editorial-note p,.article-review-transparency p{margin:0;color:#586d78;line-height:1.8;font-size:.86rem}
.article-related{margin-top:70px;border-top:1px solid var(--article-line);padding-top:46px}
.article-related-heading h2{font-size:clamp(1.55rem,2.5vw,2rem);margin:5px 0 22px}
.article-related-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:14px}
.article-related-grid>a{display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-height:248px;padding:23px;border:1px solid var(--article-line);border-radius:18px;background:#fff;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;transition:.18s ease}
.article-related-grid>a:hover{transform:translateY(-2px);border-color:#9ed0cc;box-shadow:0 14px 38px rgba(8,43,62,.06)}
.article-related-grid span{font-size:.72rem;color:#5c8587;font-weight:750}
.article-related-grid strong{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5;margin:10px 0 9px;color:#173f52}
.article-related-grid p{font-size:.82rem;line-height:1.7;color:#687c87;margin:0 0 18px}
.article-related-grid b{margin-top:auto;color:#157282;font-size:.8rem}

/* Comments */
.article-comments{margin-top:76px;border-top:1px solid var(--article-line);padding-top:48px}
.article-comments-heading{max-width:720px;margin-bottom:28px}
.article-comments-heading h2{font-size:clamp(1.65rem,2.8vw,2.22rem);margin:5px 0 10px}
.article-comments-heading>p:last-child{color:#667d88;line-height:1.78}
.article-comments-list{display:grid;gap:14px;margin-bottom:28px}
.comments-loading,.comments-empty{padding:18px;border-radius:14px;background:#f8fbfb;color:#6d808b;font-size:.9rem}
.public-comment{border:1px solid var(--article-line);border-radius:17px;background:#fff;padding:20px}
.public-comment-head{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:18px;align-items:center;margin-bottom:10px}
.public-comment-author{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px}
.public-comment-avatar{width:36px;height:36px;border-radius:50%;display:grid;place-items:center;background:#eaf7f5;color:#176d75;font-weight:800}
.public-comment-author strong{font-size:.92rem}
.public-comment-head time{font-size:.72rem;color:#83939b}
.public-comment-body{white-space:pre-wrap;color:#395564;line-height:1.82;font-size:.92rem}
.public-comment-replies{display:grid;gap:10px;margin-top:16px;padding-inline-start:28px}
.public-comment-reply{border-inline-start:3px solid #59bbb6;border-radius:0 12px 12px 0;background:#f5fbfa;padding:14px 16px}
[dir=rtl] .public-comment-reply{border-radius:12px 0 0 12px}
.official-reply-badge{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;font-size:.71rem;font-weight:800;color:#0f6a72;margin-bottom:6px}
.official-reply-badge:before{content:"✓";display:grid;place-items:center;width:18px;height:18px;border-radius:50%;background:#0f6a72;color:#fff;font-size:.65rem}
.article-comment-form{border:1px solid var(--article-line);border-radius:20px;background:#f9fcfb;padding:22px}
.comment-form-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,260px) 1fr;gap:16px}
.article-comment-form label{display:grid;gap:7px;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:750;color:#355867}
.article-comment-form input,.article-comment-form textarea{width:100%;border:1px solid #cedfdf;border-radius:12px;background:#fff;color:#16394b;font:inherit;font-size:.92rem;padding:12px 13px;outline:0;transition:.15s ease}
.article-comment-form textarea{resize:vertical;min-height:128px;line-height:1.7}
.article-comment-form input:focus,.article-comment-form textarea:focus{border-color:#62bdb7;box-shadow:0 0 0 4px rgba(79,185,180,.12)}
.comment-body-label{grid-column:1/-1;position:relative}
.comment-counter{position:absolute;inset-inline-end:10px;bottom:8px;color:#8a999f;font-size:.68rem;font-weight:500;background:#fff;padding:2px 5px}
.comment-honeypot{position:absolute!important;left:-10000px!important;width:1px!important;height:1px!important;overflow:hidden!important}
.comment-submit-row{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:14px;margin-top:15px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.article-primary-button{border:0;border-radius:12px;background:#0f536a;color:#fff;min-height:44px;padding:0 17px;font:inherit;font-size:.84rem;font-weight:800;cursor:pointer}
.article-primary-button:hover{background:#0b4559}
.article-primary-button:disabled{opacity:.6;cursor:wait}
#article-comment-status{font-size:.82rem;color:#526c78;margin:0}
#article-comment-status.error{color:#a13838}
#article-comment-status.success{color:#167049}
.comment-policy,.comment-protection-note{font-size:.74rem!important;line-height:1.65!important;color:#788a92!important;margin:12px 0 0!important}
.comment-protection-note{border-radius:10px;background:#eef7f6;padding:9px 11px}
.cf-turnstile{margin-top:14px;max-width:320px}

/* Knowledge hub */
.article-index-stats{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:11px;margin-top:26px}
.article-index-stats span{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:7px;border:1px solid #dce9e8;border-radius:999px;background:#fff;padding:7px 11px;color:#6d808a;font-size:.75rem}
.article-index-stats b{font-size:.95rem;color:#164b5d}
.knowledge-article-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px;margin-top:24px}
.knowledge-article-card{margin:0}
.knowledge-article-card-link{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100%;min-height:330px;padding:28px;border:1px solid #dce8e7;border-radius:22px;background:linear-gradient(145deg,#fff,#f8fbfa);text-decoration:none;color:inherit;transition:.18s ease}
.knowledge-article-card-link:hover{transform:translateY(-3px);border-color:#a8d0cd;box-shadow:0 18px 44px rgba(11,45,66,.065)}
.knowledge-article-card-top{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px;color:#628087;font-size:.72rem;font-weight:750}
.knowledge-article-card h2{font-size:clamp(1.35rem,2vw,1.85rem);line-height:1.4;margin:30px 0 12px;color:#173d4f}
.locale-fa .knowledge-article-card h2{line-height:1.65}
.knowledge-article-card p{font-size:.9rem;line-height:1.82;color:#677d87;margin:0 0 18px}
.knowledge-card-tags{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:7px;margin-top:auto;margin-bottom:20px}
.knowledge-card-tags span{background:#edf7f6;color:#407176;border-radius:999px;padding:5px 9px;font-size:.68rem;font-weight:700}
.knowledge-article-card strong{font-size:.82rem;color:#147181}

@media(max-width:980px){
  .science-article-hero{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px;padding:38px 30px}
  .science-topic-map{min-height:250px}
  .topic-orbit{width:250px;height:250px}
  .topic-core{width:92px;height:92px;font-size:.68rem}
  .topic-orbit:before{inset:38px}.topic-orbit:after{inset:75px}
  .article-reading-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}
  .article-toc-inner{position:relative;top:auto;max-height:none}
  .article-toc nav{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:3px}
  .article-related-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
}
@media(max-width:720px){
  .science-article-shell{padding:10px 0 62px}
  .science-article-hero{border-radius:20px;padding:28px 20px}
  .science-article-hero h1{font-size:clamp(2rem,10vw,3rem)}
  .locale-fa .science-article-hero h1{font-size:clamp(1.9rem,9vw,2.8rem);line-height:1.5}
  .science-topic-map{display:none}
  .science-article-meta span+span:before{display:none}
  .article-share-row>a,.article-share-row>button{flex:1}
  .article-toc nav{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .article-section{margin-bottom:40px}
  .article-section h2{font-size:1.55rem}
  .article-section p{font-size:.96rem}
  .article-related{margin-top:54px}
  .article-comments{margin-top:58px}
  .comment-form-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .knowledge-article-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .knowledge-article-card-link{min-height:0;padding:22px}
  .public-comment-head{align-items:flex-start}
}